{"id":13915,"date":"2026-05-19T22:18:23","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T21:18:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/2026\/05\/19\/muscles-a-fibres-electrofluidiques-pour-robots-souples-et-exosquelettes-portables\/"},"modified":"2026-05-19T22:32:37","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T21:32:37","slug":"muscles-a-fibres-electrofluidiques-pour-robots-souples-et-exosquelettes-portables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/2026\/05\/19\/muscles-a-fibres-electrofluidiques-pour-robots-souples-et-exosquelettes-portables\/","title":{"rendered":"Muscles \u00e0 fibres \u00e9lectrofluidiques pour robots souples et exosquelettes portables"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alors que les robots humano\u00efdes, faits de plastique et de m\u00e9tal, font la une des journaux et suscitent l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat, les entreprises et les universit\u00e9s m\u00e8nent d\u00e9j\u00e0 des recherches sur la prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de robots : apr\u00e8s les robots \u00ab <strong>durs<\/strong> \u00bb, voici venir les robots \u00ab souples \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le repr\u00e9sentant le plus en vue dans le domaine des robots souples est la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 polonaise <a href=\"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/2025\/09\/16\/les-robots-musculo-squelettiques-de-clone-robotics-comme-alternative-aux-robots-rigides\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"11507\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clone Robotics<\/a>, dont les humano\u00efdes imitent les muscles humains gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 plus de 200 tubes. Ces tubes, qui constituent l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ment central du syst\u00e8me, sont entour\u00e9s d&rsquo;un treillis m\u00e9tallique et se contractent lorsqu&rsquo;on y injecte un gaz ou un liquide, ce qui leur permet d&rsquo;effectuer des mouvements complexes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/E1theCfcFsA?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce type de \u00ab muscles \u00bb est connu sous le nom de <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pneumatic_artificial_muscles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">muscles artificiels pneumatiques<\/a> ou, en anglais, de \u00ab muscles de McKibben \u00bb. Les muscles \u00e0 fibres \u00e9lectrofluidiques (EFM), une nouvelle cat\u00e9gorie de fibres musculaires artificielles, exploitent le m\u00eame principe, mais dans une version miniaturis\u00e9e d&rsquo;un \u00e0 deux millim\u00e8tres de diam\u00e8tre seulement, et sans compresseurs externes ni r\u00e9servoirs de gaz ou de liquide.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les EFM, qui int\u00e8grent directement des pompes \u00e0 fibres \u00e9lectrohydrodynamiques (EHD) \u00e0 injection de charge dans le syst\u00e8me musculaire, fonctionnent sans bruit et sans fil, ce qui permet de se passer des appareils externes encombrants tels que les pompes, les compresseurs et les tuyaux, qui limitaient jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent la mobilit\u00e9 et l&rsquo;utilisation pratique des robots souples. Les pompes \u00e0 fibres sont constitu\u00e9es d&rsquo;un tube en plastique souple et extensible entour\u00e9 d&rsquo;une tresse de fils qui, sans pi\u00e8ces mobiles ni vibrations et avec une faible consommation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie, ionisent et acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent un fluide di\u00e9lectrique \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une haute tension, cr\u00e9ant ainsi une pression. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4_w8RxUY234?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En appliquant le principe du muscle de McKibben, les fibres peuvent \u00eatre contract\u00e9es et rel\u00e2ch\u00e9es en alternance. Cela leur permet de soulever des poids et de d\u00e9placer des objets. Si elles sont dispos\u00e9es comme des tendons et des muscles sur un robot humano\u00efde, elles peuvent remplacer les actionneurs lourds couramment utilis\u00e9s aujourd&rsquo;hui.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8h4UEZTyres?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mais ces EFM ne trouvent pas seulement leur application dans la robotique. Ils pourraient \u00e9galement \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9s dans les v\u00eatements, par exemple pour s&rsquo;adapter \u00e0 la morphologie ou, \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;un exosquelette moulant, aider \u00e0 porter des charges ou \u00e0 marcher. Ces fonctions sont bruyantes et lourdes avec les compresseurs ou les pompes couramment utilis\u00e9s aujourd&rsquo;hui, ce qui les rend peu pratiques. Les personnes \u00e0 mobilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite pourraient gagner en libert\u00e9 de mouvement sans avoir recours aux exosquelettes encombrants actuels, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des EFM cousus de mani\u00e8re presque invisible dans leurs v\u00eatements.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_P6QoE8zGw0?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 dans le num\u00e9ro de mai 2026 de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/scirobotics.ady6438\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science Robotics<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alors que les robots humano\u00efdes, faits de plastique et de m\u00e9tal, font la une des journaux et suscitent l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat, les entreprises et les universit\u00e9s m\u00e8nent d\u00e9j\u00e0 des recherches sur la prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de robots : apr\u00e8s les robots \u00ab durs &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/2026\/05\/19\/muscles-a-fibres-electrofluidiques-pour-robots-souples-et-exosquelettes-portables\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer de lire <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Muscles \u00e0 fibres \u00e9lectrofluidiques pour robots souples et exosquelettes portables<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8770504,"featured_media":13916,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[694240481,694240477],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-innovation-fr","category-robot","fallback-thumbnail"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p72hdn-3Cr","amp_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/technophilosoph.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Electrofluidic-Fiber-Muscle.png?fit=2000%2C1119&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13915","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8770504"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13915"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13915\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13921,"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13915\/revisions\/13921"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13916"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13915"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13915"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/technophilosoph.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13915"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}